LINCOMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE (injection solution 30%)
SolutioLyncomycinihydrochloridi 30% proinjectionibus
International nonproprietary name (INN)
Lincomycin.
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Antibiotics. Lincosamides.
Composition
1 ml of the injection solution contain 300 mg of lincomycin.
Pharmacological effect
Pharmacodynamics
Lincomycin is effective to gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus, streptococcus, pneumococcus, diphtheria bacillus) and some anaerobes, agents of gas-gangrene and tetanus inclusive. Itisalsoactivetomycoplasm. It is ineffective towards gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and virus. It is active against bacteria, in particular, staphylococcus, resistant to antibiotics. The resistance of bacteria to lincomycin is developed slowly.
Therapeutic doses of the drug act bacteriostatically. The mechanism is related to depression of protein synthesis by bacterial cells.
Pharmacokinetics
After oral intake it is widely distributed in organism. It penetrates to various organs and tissues, bone tissue and liver either. It penetrates poorly through hematoenthephalic barrier still hematoencephalic barrier permeability is increased in case of meningitis. It metabolizes in liver. It is renal and feces excreted.
Indicationsforusage
The drug is administered in septic conditions caused by staphylococcus, streptococcus, in acute and chronic osteomyelitis, pneumonia, skin and smooth tissue purulent infection, erysipelatous inflammation, otitis, and other infections caused by bacteria sensitive to this antibiotic, in particular, infections caused by bacteria resistant to penicillin and other antibiotics as well as in allergy to penicillin.
As lincomycin is accumulated in bone tissue, it is one of the most effective drugs in acute and chronic osteomyelitis and other infective injuries of bones and articulations.
Administrationanddosage
The drug is administered i.m. and i.v. Daily parenteral dose in adults is 1.8 g, single dose is 0.6 g. In severe infections daily dose may be increased to 2.4 g. The drug is introduced 3 time a day with an interval 8 h. In children the dose is 10-20 mg/kg of body weigh every 8-12 h.
i.v. injection of lincomycin hydrochloride is introduced by drops at the rate of 60—80 drops per min. before injection dilute 2 ml of 30% antibiotic solution (0.6 g) in 250 ml of isotonic solution of sodium chloride.
The course of treatment is 7-14 days, in osteomyelitis 3 weeks and more.
In patients with hepatic and renal failure lincomycin is administered parenterally in daily dose NMT 1.8 g with an interval 12 h.
Special indications
In long courses control regularly liver and renal function. In case of the development of pseudomembranous colitis cancel the drug and administer vancomycin or bacitracin.
Adverse reaction
Rapid i.v.injection of lincomycin may cause lower arterial pressure, vertigo, fatigue, relax of skeleton muscles. In certain cases allergic reaction, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia. In long treatment possible candidiasis.
Contraindications
Administration of lincomycin hydrochloride is acontraindicated in pregnancy (except vital necessity), and severe hepatic and renal diseases, individual hypersensitivity to the drug, lactation (suspend breast feeding), in infants (under 1 month). The solution of lincomycin hydrochloride 30% is not administered concurrently with muscle relaxants, in myasthenia.
Safety measures
Administer the drug with care in skin/oral cavity/vagina fungus diseases.
Interaction with other drugs
It enhances muscle relaxation caused by muscle relaxants. Antidiarrheal agents, chloramphenicol, erythromycin decreases the effect. In combination with narcotic analgesic agents possible respiratory diseases.
It is pharmaceutically incompatible (do not inject in one syringe) with kanamycin and novobiocin.
Dosage form
30% Injection solution 1 ml in ampuls. 10 ampuls in a box.
