CARNITINECHLORIDE
(injection solution 10%)
Solutio Carnitini chloridi 10% pro injectionibus
International nonproprietary name (INN)
Levocarnitine.
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Metabolic. Antihypoxant. Vitamin preparation.
Composition
1 ml of injection contains 100 mg of carnitine chloride.
Pharmacological effect
Pharmacodynamics
Carnitine chloride is a drug stimulating metabolism. It is of anabolic, antihypoxi-, antithyreoid action stimulating fat metabolism, and regenerating activity. It is related to vitamin B group (vitamin BT – vitamin of growth.
Carnitine chloride participates to various chains of energetic metabolism, influences lipidic metabolism. The drug recovers alkali blood reserve, does not influence blood coagulation, decreases ketocell formation, enhances tissue resistance to toxic decomposition products, activates aerobic process and inhibits anaerobic glycolysis, stimulates and accelerates repair processes.
It is of fatty mobilizing activity. It is competitive to glucose, activates fatty acid metabolic bypass not limited in oxygen (against aerobic glycolysis), hence it is effective in acute cerebral hypoxia and in other critical conditions. It is of neurotrophic activity. It inhibits apoptosis. It limits injured zone and recovers nerve tissue.
It increases the secretion and fermentation of digestive juice (gastric and intestine), enhances food intake. It reduces excessive weigh and fat content in muscles.
It increases the resistance threshold to physical stress, it results in liquidation of post load acidosis, and hence it recovers physical activity after long exhaustive load. It increases glycogen in liver and muscles and its more economic consumption.
Pharmacokinetics
3 h. after i.v.injection no signs of the drug in blood. It easily absorbed in liver, myocardium, slowly absorbed in muscles.
It is renal excreted, mainly as acylic ester.
Indications for usage
Carnitinу chloride is administered in acute disorder of cerebral blood circulation - ischemic stroke. Transitory ischemic attack. The drug is administered in acute, subacute and recovery phase. It is used in discirculatory encephalopathy and various traumatic toxic cerebrum injuries.
Carnitine chloride is effective in the primary (genetic) and secondary carnitine deficiency, either in patients with chronic renal deficiency under hemodialysis, in cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, CHD (stenocardia, acute myocardial infarction, postinfarction conditions), hypoperfusion caused by cardiogenic shock. The drug is indicated as cardio-protector in cytostatic treatment, particularly anthracycline series.
Carnitine chloride is administered either in anorexia, hypotrophy, retard growth in children.
The drug is indicated independently or in complex therapy.
Administration and dosage
The drug is slowly introducted i.v. in drops (NMT 60 drops/min.!). Dissolve every 100 mg of the drug (1 ml of 10% solution) in 50 ml of isotonic solution of sodium chloride or 5% glucose solution before injection.
Under acute phase the first 3 days inject 10-14 mg/kg of patient weigh, and successively 7 mg/kg of body weigh. General course of treatment is 7—10 days. If required, refresh course of treatment after 10—12 days at the dose of 7 mg/kg of body weigh during 3—5 days.
If the drug is administered in subacute and recovery period of discirculatory encephalopathy and various traumatic toxic cerebrum injuries, introduce 0.5—1.0 g of carnitine chloride daily during 3 —5 days. If necessary, after 12-14 days refresh course of treatment.
Adverse reaction
Possible allergic reactions in treatment with the drug. If introduced rapidly (80 drops and more per min.), possible pain along the veins, disappearing under reduction of introduction rate.
Contraindications
Individual hypersensitivity to the preparation.
Interaction with other drugs
Glucocorticoids favor accumulation of carnitine in tissues (save liver), other anabolics enhance the drug action.
Dosage form
10% injection solution in ampuls 2 and 5 ml. 5 or 10 ampuls in pack or in blister. 1 or 2 blistersinpack.
