Atropine sulfate (0,1 %solution for injections)
Solutio Atropini sulfatis 0,1 % pro injectionibus
International nonproprietary name
Atropine.
Atropine.
Pharmacotherapeutic group
M-anticholinergic drugs. Mydriatics.
Composition of the preparation
1 ml solution for injections contains 1 mg Atropine sulfate.
Pharmacological action
Pharmacodynamics
Atropine sulfate is related to a group of anticholinergic medical products. Selectively blocks m-cholinergic receptors (to a lesser degree influences on n- cholinergic receptors) owing to what the last become tolerant to Acetylcholine which is formed in a region of the postganglionic parasympathetic nerve endings. Atropine sulfate inhibits secretion of salivary and other glands, increase the frequency of heartbeats, reduces nonstriated muscle organs tonus, expressly enlarges pupils (at that intraocular pressure increase is possible). Can pass through a hematoencephalic barrier. Atropine in therapeutic doses stimulate respiration. In high doses stimulates CNS.
Pharmakokinetics
Atropine sulfate is widely distributed in an organism after systemic introduction. Itpasses through a hematoencephalic barrier. The appreciable level in CNS is reached in 0,5-1 h. Moderate binding with plasma proteins.
Indications
Preparation is administrated at stomach and duodenum ulcer, pylorospasm, cholelithiasis, intestinal and urinary tract spasms, bronchial asthma, bradycardia as consequences of vagus nerve tonus increase, for decrease of secretion of salivary, gastric, bronchial, sometimes - sudoriferous glands, for X-ray examination of gastrointestinal tract carrying out (decrease of tonus and a motor activity of organs). Should be applied also before narcosis and operation and during surgical operation as an agent preventing broncho- and laryngospasm, reducing secretion of glands, reflex reactions and the side effects caused by vagus nerve stimulation. Besides, Atropine sulfate is a specific antidote at poisonings by cholinomimetic agents and anticholinesterase (including organophosphorous) substances.
Dosage and method of administration
0,1 % solution of Atropine sulfate is introduced intravenously at poisonings by cholinomimetics and anticholinesterase, according to schemes of antidotal therapy of these intoxications, at that Atropine is used together with acetylcholinesterase reactivators.
Subcutaneously, intramusculary and intravenously is introduced per 0,00025 - 0,0005 - 0,001 g of Atropine sulfate (0,25-0,5-1,0 ml of 0,1 % solution).
Side effects
Dryness in a mouth, mydriasis, abnormality of accommodation, tachycardia, difficulty of urination, giddiness.
Contraindications
Atropine sulfate is counter-indicative at glaucoma, organic lesions of heart and vessels, prostatic hypertrophy, atony of bladder, intestine, kidneys diseases, organism cachexia. It is necessary to administrate with care at fever, especially in children and persons of elderly age.
Interactions with other medicinal preparations
Cardiac arrhythmias can arise at Atropine sulfate application with inhibitors of monoaminoxidase, summation of cholinolytic effect can be observed with quinidine, procainamide hydrochloride. At simultaneous application with iphenhydramine hydrochloride or promethazine the action of Atropine increases, the probability of intraocular pressure increases with nitrates administration. Hyposecretory action of Atropine can be decreased under octadine influence. Atropine decrease action of m-cholinomimetics and anticholinesterase drugs.
The form of release
0,1 % solution for injections in ampoules of 1 ml. 10 ampoules in a box.
